Kids Eyes Paediatrics: Visual Development
What is ‘Visual Development’?
When we are born, vision is poor. The eyes then develop to mature varying ocular functions. The level of vision someone has (what they can see on a chart), matures in the ‘plastic period’ (first seven years of life). ‘Vision’ is independent of glasses ‘prescription’. Problems with vision need detection and management ASAP.
How does ‘vision’ develop?
The brain dictates vision, with the eyes collecting information. This process happens via the Visual Pathway, running from the eye to the visual cortex at the back of the head. The neural connections of this pathway mature in the early years, gradually improving vision as a result. This is dependent on the quality of information the eyes provide. The best information results when light focuses perfectly in the eye.
What are the common problems with visual development? How do you know if there is a problem?
The most common problems are long-sightedness or a big difference between the eyes. This can lead to squints and lazy eyes, hindering visual development. It is often not apparent that something is wrong. Only a sight test can properly detect a visual problem and ascertain the need for glasses.
What do glasses do?
In the case of young children, the reason for glasses is very much prescriptive. Wearing the glasses makes sure that light is focused properly in each eye. This then provides excellent information to the brain and vision develops. The quicker this is done, the quicker the visual problem is managed.
What is the cost for this?
Sight tests are free in Scotland, funded by the NHS. Typically, the cost of frames and lenses is covered by an NHS optical voucher. Repairs and replacements are also generally covered by an NHS Repair Voucher.
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